大鼠下颌切牙拔出后剩余牙槽嵴吸收模型的建立

selina

吴哲  孙宏晨  车彦海  吴健  王瑜  姜海燕

吉林大学口腔医学院修复科  130041(吴哲  吴健)  口腔生物医学工程吉林省重点实验室(孙宏晨)  病理科(车彦海  王瑜)  吉林省辽源市中医院口腔科(姜海燕)



【摘要】目的:建立大鼠切牙拔除后剩余牙槽嵴吸收的实验动物模型并探讨其发生机制。方法:选用健康雄性Wistar大鼠30只，局麻下齐龈缘磨除右下颌切牙牙冠，每3 天磨除1次，共3 次，最后磨除后3 d拔除右下颌切牙，术后0、1、2、4、8、12 周分别处死大鼠。用软X线摄片测量大鼠下颌剩余牙槽嵴的长度和保存率，组织学方法评价大鼠下颌切牙拔牙窝的愈合情况。对18 只健康雄性Wistar大鼠通过HE染色观察磨除牙冠后的不同时期牙周组织形态学改变。结果:牙槽嵴长度：4、8、12 周拔牙侧与非拔牙侧相比明显降低（P<0.05）；拔牙4 周后牙槽嵴保存率明显降低。组织形态学：拔牙后2 周，拔牙窝内可见新生骨，残存的血凝块减少；拔牙后4周骨改建活跃；拔牙后8 周，拔牙窝内充满新生骨；拔牙后12 周，新生骨和周围牙槽骨界限不清。牙冠磨除后，牙周组织出现水肿，主纤维束断裂，丧失功能排列，血窦增加，随时间改变逐渐加重。结论:可以采用拔除大鼠切牙的方法建立剩余牙槽嵴吸收的动物模型。



【关键词】  牙槽骨吸收;动物模型



Establishment of residual ridge resorption model of rats after the mandible incisor was extracted

Wu Zhe, Sun Hongchen, Che Yanhai, et al.College of Stomatology,Jilin University,Changchun 130041,China



【Abstract】 Objective：To establish an experimental model of residual ridge resorption after mandibular incisor extraction and to study the occurrence mechanisms. Methods：Thirty male Wistar rats were used, the edge of the right mandibular incisor was cut every three days(a total of three times) and the incisor was extracted at three days after the final cut. The animals were sacrificed   0,1,2,4,8,12 weeks respectively after the extraction and the mandibles were dissected out. The length of the alveolar bone and the ratio of extracted side length to unextracted side length were measured on soft X-ray photographs and the mandibles were processed for histomorphometry.Eighteen male Wistar rats were used to observe the morphologic alteration of periodontal tissues by hematoxylin and eosin when the incisor crown was cut at different time intervals. Results： As compared with the unextracted side, the length of alveolar ridge of the extracted side was significantly decreased at 4,8,12 weeks;the ratio of extracted side length to unextracted side length significantly decreased at 4 week after tooth extraction（P<0.05）. In histomorphometry, new bone were seen at the tooth socket and the residual blood clot decreased at 2 week after tooth extraction; the tooth socket was filled with new formed bone at 8 weeks after tooth extraction and could not distinguish the threshold between the new bone and the alveolar bone. After the crown was cut, the periodontal tissue appeared to be edema, the principal fibrous bands was rupture and lose functional arrangement, blood sinus was increased, and all the above became serious as time passed. Conclusion： Extracting mandibular incisors may be a simple methods in developing an animal model of residual ridge.



【Key words】  Alveolar bone resorption;Animal models